摘要

本文阐述了铅

酸蓄电池的发展过程，

铅

酸蓄电池基本特性

，

包括其物理性质和化学性质，结构，组成，分类等。其次是对
铅酸蓄电池的寿命做了进一步的分析，包括铅酸蓄电池的失
效模式，如正极板栅的腐蚀变形、正极活性物质软化变形、不
可逆硫酸盐化、热失控等，以及影响蓄电池寿命并最终导致寿
命缩短的一些因素，如极板特性、电解液的浓度、温度、放电深
度、充放电电流密度等。最后陈述了蓄电池的日常使用过程中
的维护和保养，通过对电池的正确的使用及保养以延长电池
的使用寿命。

关键词

：

铅酸蓄电池；失效；寿命；维护

ABSTRACT

This paper expounds the development process of lead acid battery, the basic

characteristics of lead-acid batteries, including its physical and chemical characteristics,
structure, composition, classification, etc. Second is the life of the battery to do a further
analysis, including the lead-acid battery failure mode, such as the corrosion of the gate
is  plate  deformation,  positive  active  substances  softening  deformation,  irreversible
sulfuric  acid  salinization,  thermal  runaway,  etc,  and  the  impact  battery  life  and
eventually  lead  to  some  of  the  life  shorten  factors,  such  as  plate  characteristics,
electrolyte concentration, temperature, discharge, charge and discharge current density
and  depth.  The  final  statement  in  the  process  of  using  the  daily  maintenance  and
maintenance, through to the correct use of the battery and maintenance to extend the life
of the battery.

Keywords: lead-acid battery ;failure ;life; maintenance