组织中
,miR-21 的表达与临床分期、淋巴结转移、生存期缩
短有关。Shi 等
[20]
也认为 miRNA 的表达水平与乳腺癌的
分子亚型
,临床病理学因子如 HER2、雌激素及孕激素受体
的水平
,肿 瘤 分 期,血 管 的 侵 润 和 增 殖 指 数 有 关。Bu 等
[21]
研究发现
,在人乳腺癌细胞系 MCF-7 中除去 Dicer 可以
阻滞 G
1
期
,还可以增加对 DNA 损伤剂顺铂的敏感性。所
以可以应用抗-Dicer 方法与传统的化学疗法结果去治疗乳
腺癌。而 Miller 等
[22]
应用 miRNA 微阵列分析方法观察了
MCF-7 细胞系
,分为对 4-羟泰米芬敏感组与耐药组,来研究
对他莫昔芬的耐药性
,其中耐药组与敏感组相比 miR-221,
miR-222 及 miR-181 明显上调
,而 miR-21,miR-342 及 miR-
489 明显下调
,同时指出 miR-221 通过其靶基因 p27Kip1 而
发挥其对他莫昔芬的耐药性。
3
问题与展望
目前
,虽然对 miRNA 的认识已取得了很大的进展,但
是对于 miRNA 本身的研究及 miRNA 在妇科肿瘤中的研究
仍然处在起步阶段
,除了需要继续寻找新的与妇科肿瘤有
关的 miRNA 外
,许多已知 miRNA 的功能也有待进一步的
研究和阐明
,同时 miRNA 自身的表达与功能受哪些因素调
控
,miRNA 是直接参与妇科肿瘤的生成还是仅仅作为一种
有差异的受调节物
,不同的妇科肿瘤组织中为什么同一种
miRNA 的表达可以完全相反等很多问题都有待人们进一
步的研究与探索
,相信在不久的将来,miRNA 必将在妇科
肿瘤的早期诊断及治疗方面崭露锋芒。
参 考 文 献
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( 2010 - 12 - 10 收稿 2011 - 02 - 25 修回)
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中国实用妇科与产科杂志 2011 年 5 月 第 27 卷 第 5 期