第一章
1,项目的定义
is “a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result
2,项目的属性:
Has a unique purpose.
Is temporary.
Is developed using progressive elaboration. 逐步细化
Requires resources, often from various areas.
Should have a primary customer or sponsor. The project sponsor usually provides the direction and
funding for the project.
Involves uncertainty.
项目的属性:项目有唯一的目的;项目是临时的,导致唯一的产品,服务和结果;项目的发
展是逐步细化,要苦心经营的;项目需要不同领域的资源;
项目必须有客户和项目发起人;项目具有不确定性
3,三大限制:scope;time;cost
4,项目管理定义:
is “the application of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to project activities to meet project
requirements
5,项目管理框架:利益相关者的期望和需要,9大知识领域,工具和技术,项目组合
6,利益相关者包括:
Project sponsor Project manager Project team Support staff
Customers Users Suppliers Opponents to the project
7,9大知识领域:4个核心领域(scope, time, cost, and quality);4个促进知识领域(human
resources, communication, risk, and procurement management )
project integration management) affects and is affected by all of the other knowledge areas
8,工具和技术有:
范围:Project charters项目章程, scope statements范围说明, and WBS
时间:Gantt charts甘特图表, network diagrams网络图, critical path analyses, critical chain
scheduling
花费:Cost estimates
费用估算 and earned value management 挣值管理
9,定义项目成功的方法:
The project met scope, time, and cost goals
The project satisfied the customer/sponsor
The results of the project met its main objective
10,项目成功的10大因素:
Executive support User involvement Experienced project manager
Clear business objectives Minimized scope Standard software infrastructure标准的软件基础设
施
Firm basic requirements Formal methodology Reliable estimates
Other criteria, such as small milestones, proper planning, competent staff, and ownership
11,项目管理研究所和项目管理专业人员:
The Project Management Institute (PMI) is an international professional society for project
managers founded in 1969