项目作品:
“鸟巢”——中国国家体育场
国家体育场位于北京奥林匹克公园中心区,为
2008 年第 29 届奥林匹克运动会
的主体育场,观众坐席约为
91 000 个,其中临时坐席约 11 000 个。奥运会及残
奥会时将在这里举行田径比赛、足球比赛及开闭幕式。
赛后坐席将被削减为
80 000 个,可举办国际、国内级的田径比赛、足球比赛,并
可提供运动、休闲、健身和商业等综合性服务。
国家体育场坐落在奥林匹克公园中心区一片缓缓隆起的基座上。和缓的基座平衡
了体育场巨大的体量,充分展示了其独特的弧形外观。体育场的外观与结构是一
体化的,结构构件相互支撑,会聚成网格状
——就如同一个由相互交叉的树枝
编织而成的巨大鸟巢。在满足奥运会体育场所有的功能和技术要求的同时,设计
并没有因循技术至上主义和突出大跨度结构与数码屏幕的思路。国家体育场的空
间效果新颖激进,但又简洁、质朴、直接,从而为
2008 年奥运会创造了独特的、
具有历史意义的地标性建筑。
国家体育场设有上、中、下三层看台,犹如巨大的容器,无论远眺还是近观,都
给人留下与众不同的、令人难忘的印象。置身体育场内,坐席均匀分布的碗状看
台有利于调动观众的兴奋情绪,并促使运动员超水平发挥。为了实现平滑和均质
的场内效果,看台的干扰被控制到最小,并且使用聚四氟乙烯声学吊顶将屋顶
结构遮掩起来,因而观众和场地上的活动成为焦点。这样,人群本身也成了建筑
的一部分。
Situated in the central zone of Beijing Olympic Green, the National Stadium is the
main arena for the 29th Olympic Games in 2008. The seating capacity is
approximately 91,000, including around 11,000 temporary seats. It will host the track
and field events, football matches and Opening and Closing Ceremonies during the
Olympic and Paralympic Games.
After the Games, the seating capacity will be reduced to around 80,000, to hold
international and national track and field events, football matches, and provide
comprehensive services covering sports, recreation, fitness and commercial
operations.
The National Stadium is located on a gentle rise In the centre of the Olympic
complex. The gently raised plinth moderates the bulk of the vessel and gives it a
dramatic sweeping form the stadiums appearance is pure structure. Facade and
structure are the same thing.The structural elements mutually support the expected
acoustic performance.
The stadium is conceived as a large collective vessel. With most of the tiers in three
layers. which makes a distinctive and unmistakable impression, both when it is seen
from a distance and from close up. Inside the stadium, an evenly constructed bowl-
like shape serves to generate crowd excitement and drive athletes to outstanding