摘要:选用长江流域
20 个杂交棉新品种(系),就其主要农艺性状与产量、品质的关系进
行研究。结果表明,品种间皮棉产量存在着显著或极显著差异,主要农艺性状与产量、品质
存在相关性。相关性分析结果表明,皮棉产量与单株铃数、衣分分别呈显著、极显著正相关,
而与生育期、子指纤维长度、断裂比强度呈负相关;除断裂比强度、果枝数、始果节位、单株铃
数和霜前花率外,其余各主要农艺性状与纤维长度均呈负相关,其中与株高的相关性达显
著水平;各主要农艺性状与马克隆值相关程度依次为:衣分
>单铃重>株高>单株铃数>果枝
数
>生育期>子指>始果节位;断裂比强度与生育期、衣分呈显著负相关,与其余各性状相关
不显著。
关键词:杂交棉;农艺性状;皮棉产量;纤维品质;相关性
中图分类号:
S562 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2012)23-5297-04
Research on the Relationship between Main Agronomic Traits and Production Quality of Hybrid
Cotton in Yangtze River Basin
GU Xiang-rui1,YAO Qu-xun2,ZHAO Shi-chun3,WANG Mi1
(
1.Agricultural College , Yangtze University , Jingzhou 434025 , Hubei , China ;
2.Jingzhou Vocational and Technical College, Jingzhou 434000, Hubei, China; 3.Jingzhou
Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jingzhou 434000, Hubei, China)
Abstract : The relationship between agronomic traits and yield and fiber quality was studied
using 20 new hybrid cotton cultivars ( lines ) as materials. The results revealed significant or
highly significant differences in lint yield of different cultivars. There was correlation between
cotton agronomic traits and yield and fiber quality. The correlation analysis showed that the
correlation between lint yield and number of fruiting branches, lint percentage were significantly
or highly significantly positive , while between lint yield and fertility , seed index , fiber
length , fracture strength was negative. Except for fracture strength , boll branch number ,
node of first fruit, boll number per plant and pre-frost yield, the other cotton agronomic traits
was negatively correlated with fiber length, among which the correlation between plant height
and fiber length was significantly negative. The relevance between cotton agronomic and Mic
value ranked as lint percentage> single boll weight> plant height> boll number per plant> number
of fruiting branches>seed index> node of first fruit. Fracture strength was significantly negatively
correlated with fertility and lint percentage, while had no significant correlation with the other
characters.
Key words: hybrid cotton; agronomic traits; lint yield; fiber quality; correlation
棉花不仅是全球主要的天然纤维来源,也是仅次于大豆的重要油料作物和极好的蛋白源,
全球有
80 多个国家种植棉花。棉花杂种优势的利用是棉花科技发展的一场革命[1]。近年来,
我国杂交棉发展迅速,长江流域已基本普及,黄河流域南部呈现逐年扩大态势。杂交棉农艺
性状之间及农艺性状与产量、品质之间存在着复杂的相关关系
[2]。目前,人们对棉花主要农
艺性状与皮棉产量品质的关系研究较多
[3-10],但由于所用的遗传材料、试验设计不同,结
论也不尽相同。多数学者认为以增加产量为目的的育种的重点是提高单株铃数、同时适当考