104

 

Handbook of Functional Lipids

 

TABLE 5.1

 

  

 

Chemical and Ph

ysical Pr

operties of Extr

action Solv

ents

 

a

 

Solv

ent

Boiling 

P

oint 

(

  

°°°°

 

C)

Latent 

Heat of

V

apori-

zation

(cal/g)

Specific

Heat

(cal/g

  

°°°°

 

C)

Specific 

Gr

avity 

at 20

  

°°°°

 

C 

(g/cm

 

3

 

)

Liquid

V

iscosity

at 20

  

°°°°

 

C

(cp)

Surface 

Tension 

(d

yne/cm)

Dielectric

Constant

Flash 

Point 

(

  

°°°°

 

C)

Explosi

ve

Limits

(% v

ol. in

Air)

W

ater 

Solubility 

at 25

  

°°°°

 

C 

(g/l)

W

ater

Azeotr

ope

(% wt)

Boiling

P

oint

(

  

°°°°

 

C)

TL

V–

TWC

(ppm)

 

W

ater

100.0

540.1

1.018

1000

1005

72.5

80.36

NF

NF

—

—

—

—

Petroleum fractions

 

Gasoline

39.204

0.72–0.76

–45

1.3–6.0

300

 

b

 

Petroleum ether

35–60

0.62–0.66

–40

1.4–8.0

Pentanes

32–37

0.62–0.63

–54

600

Methyl pentanes

56–62

0.65–0.67

–32

500

He

xanes

65–69

0.67–0.72

0.32

–22

1.1–7.5

  50

Heptanes

88–99

0.72–0.74

0.47

–5

1.2–6.7

10.3

80–85

400

Cyclohe

xane

65–85

300

Alkanes

 

n

 

-Propane

–41.7

101.6

0.520

 

bp

 

2.4–9.5

 

n

 

-Butane

0.5

  92.2

0.550

 

bp

 

1.9–8.5

800

 

n

 

-Pentane

36.2

  85.3

0.342

0.626

0.234

16.05

  1.84

–49

1.4–8.0

0.36

600

Isopentane

27.8

  81.7

0.535

0.620

0.224

15.00

  1.84

–5

1.4–8.3

0.14

 

n

 

-He

xane

69.0

  79.9

0.533

0.659

0.312

18.40

  1.89

–23

1.2–7.7

0.05

  5.0

  50

Isohe

xane

60.3

  77.4

0.533

0.652

0.299

15.84

–7

1.2–7.0

0.00

500

 

n

 

-Heptane

98.4

  75.5

0.528

0.684

0.417

20.14

  1.92

–4

1.0–7.0

0.05

13.0

79.4

400

Cycloparaf

fins

Cyclopentane

49.5

  92.9

0.422

0.751

0.438

22.42

  1.97

–37

   1.4-

0.00

600

Cyclohe

xane

80.7

  77.2

0.433

0.778

0.977

24.98

  2.02

–18

1.3–8.4

0.00

300

 

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