Approved 25/6/98                                                          

1

E

MISSION 

E

STIMATION 

T

ECHNIQUES

FOR

P

ULP AND 

P

APER 

M

ANUFACTURING

T

ABLE OF 

C

ONTENTS

1.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................ 3

2.0  PROCESS DESCRIPTION.................................................................................. 4

3.0 EMISSION ESTIMATION.................................................................................. 4

3.1 Emissions To Air................................................................................... 5
3.2 Emissions To Water.............................................................................. 5
3.3 Emissions To Land................................................................................ 6
3.4 Process Inputs And Emission Outputs ............................................. 6

4.0  EMISSION FACTOR RATING ...................................................................... 10

5.0  EMISSION FACTORS...................................................................................... 11

5.1 Using Sampling Data.......................................................................... 11
5.2 Using Emission Factors...................................................................... 13
5.3 Using Fuel Analysis Data................................................................... 20
5.4 Using CEMS Data................................................................................. 21
5.5 Using Predictive Emissions Monitoring........................................ 23

6.0 CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES .......................................................................... 23

6.1 Kraft Pulping ........................................................................................ 24
6.2 Acid Sulphite Pulping........................................................................ 24

7.0  REFERENCES .................................................................................................... 26