第21卷第5期
唐琼等:光催化氧化法在造纸废水处理中的应用与发展
电子与空穴的复合率,因而研究如何减少光生电子与空
穴的复合几率而制各出高效光催化剂至关重要。在探索
解决这一问题的过程中,光催化走将向新的发展方
向——电化学辅助光催化降解技术,即光电催化降解
(Photoelectrocatalytic)13'。Dong Hyun等以半导体氧化物
薄膜作为阳极(工作电极),铂丝作为阴极,饱和甘汞电极
作为参比电极,构成电化学电池。用近紫外光直接照射
阳极,激发Ti02产生h+,将溶液中有机物氧化,而e-则
通过外电路流向铂阴极,将液相中氧化态组分还原,从
而降低e一,h+的复合率,这样光量子效率有了极大的提
高,同时催化剂的活性也得到了改善1321。
(3)另外,改紫外光为太阳光也是一个很好的思路,
但太阳光的利用率低是光催化的又~难题。如果在制备
催化剂的过程中适当负载光敏化物质,就能提高太阳光
的利用率和催化氧化效果。目前已有部分学者在制备纳
米TiO,催化剂时掺入氮、锑等光敏物质,以增大吸收阈
值,提高对太阳光的吸收,其吸收阈值最大可以达到
830nm【艄习。这些技术的突破性研究将使光催化氧化处
理造纸废水的工业化处理成为可能。
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